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    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING A DOUBLE POWERED INDUCTION GENERATOR. The present subject relates, in general, to electrical machines and, more particularly, to a system and method for controlling a double powered induction generator (DFIG) (118) in response to high voltage network events. In one aspect, a method is provided to control a double powered induction generator (DFIG) during a high voltage grid event. The method includes defining, through a controller (202), an output of a closed loop portion of a rotor current regulator as a fixed value so that a predictive forward supply path defines an internal voltage for the DFIG ( 118); and detecting, through the controller (202), a high dc voltage condition on a dc link (224) or a predictive condition of high dc voltage on the dc link (224), and in response to reduce a current command of rotor torque production to approximately zero, where the dc link (224) connects a line side converter connected to a system bus (216) and a rotor side converter connected to a DFIG rotor (118 ).
    公开号:BR102013021844B1
    申请号:R102013021844-8
    申请日:2013-08-27
    公开日:2020-12-15
    发明作者:Einar Vaughn Larsen；Anthony Michael Klodowski；Sidney Allen Barker
    申请人:General Electric Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present matter refers, in general, to electrical machines and, more particularly, to a system and method for controlling a double-powered induction generator (DFIG) in response to high voltage network events. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Generally, a wind turbine generator includes a turbine that has a rotor that includes a set of rotatable hubs that have multiple blades. The blades transform mechanical wind energy into mechanical rotating torque that drives one or more generators through the rotor. Generators are usually, but not always, rotatably coupled to the rotor via a gearbox. The gearbox raises the inherently low rotational speed of the rotor so that the generator effectively converts rotating mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is fed into a utility network through at least one electrical connection. There are also direct drive wind turbine generators without gear. The rotor, generator, gearbox and other components are typically mounted inside a housing, or nacelle, which is positioned on top of a base that can be a tubular or lattice tower. In some cases, one or more wind turbines that are located relatively close together geographically can form a wind farm or a wind farm.
    [003] Some wind turbine generator configurations include double powered induction generators (DFIGs). Such configurations may also include power converters that are used to transmit generator excitation power to a generator rotor wound from one of the connections for the electrical utility network connection. In addition, these converters, in conjunction with DFIG, also transmit electrical power between the utility network and the generator, as well as transmit generator excitation power to a generator rotor wound from one of the connections for the network connection. electrical utilities. DFIGs are used in wind turbines to allow variable speed operation with electronic power / minimum power rating. These machines operate at speeds below sync (subsynchronous) at low power, and at speeds above sync (supersynchronous) at high power. These wind turbines are connected to power networks, often operating in parallel with many other turbines in the same electrical collector system. Power grids can have many types of disturbances, some of which result in high voltage conditions in the grid and in wind turbine electrical systems. These disorders may include: (1) remote events that can cause the voltage across the high voltage network to rise well above normal with a gradual reduction back to normal; (2) local grid failures that can cause the voltage in the wind turbines to be depressed, followed by sudden removal of the defective circuit element. Sudden removal can cause a voltage overshoot in a wind farm until the wind turbines react to the new condition of the grid and regain control to bring the turbine back to normal operation in the portion of the grid that remains after the fault is set; or (3) local grid failures that, upon adjustment, leave the wind farm with no remaining connection to the grid, but still with the wind turbines connected to the cables and lines of the wind farm and possibly a portion of the transmission grid. This can be considered an "isolated" condition for the wind farm which is defined by potentially significant deviations in voltage and frequency. This condition should not be confused with other uses of the term "isolated", where the intention is to ensure the safety of maintenance personnel.
    [004] Each of the events described above represents a potential for damage to the wind turbine electrical system due to high voltages within that system that exceed the equipment's capacity. It is desirable for the wind turbine to go through grid events, both low voltage and high voltage, when the grid remains partially intact after adjusting the grid failure. When the grid has an open circuit after the fault adjustment, then it is desirable that the wind turbines continue to operate without damage and eventually shut down based on the inability to transfer power. In the latter situation, there is normally no requirement for shutdown when the turbine is part of a wind farm connected to a transmission grid. For distribution applications, regulations and local codes may require shutdown within a specified time, typically several seconds.
    [005] Consequently, an improved system and / or method that responds to a high voltage grid event in an electrical system connected to one or more DFIGs would be welcome in the technology. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [006] In one embodiment, a method is provided to control a double powered induction generator (DFIG) in response to a high voltage grid event. The method includes defining, through a controller, an output from a closed loop portion of a rotor current regulator as a fixed value so that a predictive forward supply path defines an internal voltage for the DFIG; and detect, through the controller, a high dc voltage condition on a dc link or a predictive condition of high dc voltage on the dc link, and in response reduce a rotor torque producing current command to approximately zero , where the dc link connects a line side converter connected to a system bus and a rotor side converter connected to a DFIG rotor.
    [007] In another embodiment, a system is provided to control a double powered induction generator (DFIG) in response to a high voltage grid event. The system includes a controller, in which the controller is configured to detect a high grid voltage condition; a line-side converter connected to a system bus; and a rotor side converter connected to a DFIG rotor, where the line side converter and rotor side converter are connected via a direct current (dc) link, where the line side converter and the rotor side converter are communicatively coupled with the controller, the controller additionally comprising a rotor current regulator, in which, in response to the detected high voltage condition, an output from a closed loop portion of the The rotor current regulator is defined as a fixed value so that a predictive forward supply path defines an internal voltage for the DFIG, in response to the detected high voltage condition, and the controller is additionally controlled to: detect a high dc voltage condition on the dc link, or a predictive condition of high dc voltage on the dc link, and in response reduce a rotor torque producing current command to approximately zero The.
    [008] In yet another embodiment, a system is provided to control a double powered induction generator (DFIG) in response to a high voltage grid event. The system includes one or more double powered induction generators (DFIGs) connected to an alternating current (ac) electrical power system, in which the electrical ac power system is configured to transmit at least one phase of electrical power to an or more DFIGs or to receive at least one phase of electrical power from one or more DFIGs; and a control system, in which the control system is electrically coupled to at least a portion of the ac electrical power system and at least a portion of the control system is coupled in electronic data communication with at least a portion of the one or more DFIGs, and where the control system comprises a controller and the controller is configured to: detect a mains failure in the AC power system, where the controller configured to detect a mains failure in the AC power system comprises the controller configured to detect whether the grid failure comprises a high voltage grid event; in response to the detected high voltage network event, the controller is additionally configured to: set an output of a closed loop portion of a rotor current regulator to a fixed value so that a predictive forward supply path defines a internal voltage for DFIG; detect a high dc voltage condition on a dc link or a predictive condition of high dc voltage on the dc link, and in response reduce a rotor torque producing current command to approximately zero, where the dc link cc connects a line side converter connected to a system bus and a rotor side converter connected to a DFIG rotor; and decrease a magnitude of the internal voltage in the DFIG.
    [009] In yet another embodiment, a method is described for controlling electrical components of a wind turbine during system shutdown due to certain abnormal conditions that have occurred that are associated with a double powered induction generator (DFIG). The method includes issuing, through a controller, a command to open a wind turbine circuit breaker. This command is issued as a command to open a wind turbine breaker as soon as abnormal conditions that require a shutdown occur. The method additionally includes continuing to switch electronic switches that comprise a line converter and a rotor converter during and after issuing the command to open the wind turbine circuit breaker; and interrupting the switching of the electronic switches that comprise the line converter and the rotor converter when it is determined that the wind turbine circuit breaker has been opened.
    [010] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims. The attached drawings, which are incorporated in this specification and form a part of it, illustrate realizations of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [011] A complete and possible disclosure of the realizations of the present invention, including the best mode of the same, directed to a technician in the subject, is presented in the specification, which makes reference to the attached Figures.
    [012] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine generator.
    [013] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a control and electrical system that can be used with the wind turbine generator shown in Figure 1.
    [014] Figure 3A illustrates the normal operating condition of a wind turbine in a wind farm.
    [015] Figure 3B illustrates the conditions when a remote circuit breaker is opened leaving the wind farm in an isolated condition and the power flow to the grid is suddenly interrupted for a case where the speed and torque of the rotor remain the same pre-insulation.
    [016] Figure 4 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of suitable components that can be included in an embodiment of a controller, or any other computing device that receives signals that indicate a high voltage network event in accordance with aspects of this matter.
    [017] Figure 5A is a control diagram of the main elements of rotor control that shows the functions that create commands for a rotor current.
    [018] Figure 5B is a control diagram for determining the frequency and magnitude of the positive sequence voltage phasor of the grid voltage.
    [019] Figure 5C is a control diagram showing the functions that implement commands for a rotor current.
    [020] Figure 6A is a flow chart illustrating an implementation of a method of controlling a double powered induction generator (DFIG) during a high voltage grid event.
    [021] Figure 6B is a flowchart illustrating another realization of a method of controlling a double powered induction generator (DFIG) during a high voltage grid event.
    [022] Figure 7 is a flow chart illustrating an implementation of a method to control electrical components of a wind turbine during the opening of a circuit breaker associated with a DFIG by detecting a condition that requires shutdown. DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [023] Before the present methods and systems are revealed and described, it must be understood that the methods and systems are not limited to specific synthetic methods, specific components or particular compositions. It should also be understood that the terminology used in this document is to describe particular achievements only and is not intended to be limiting.
    [024] As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "one", "one", "o" and "a" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The ranges can be expressed in this document as "about" a particular value, and / or even "about" another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another realization includes a particular value and / or even another particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, using the antecedent "about", it will be understood that the particular value forms another realization. It will be further understood that the end points of each band are significant both in relation to the other end point, and independently of the other end point.
    [025] "Optional" or "optionally" means that the circumstance or event subsequently described may or may not occur, and that the description includes cases in which said event or circumstance occurs and cases in which it does not.
    [026] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "that understands" and "understands", means "that includes, but is not limited to", and is not intended to exclude, for example, other additives, components, components or steps. "Exemplary (a)" means "an example of" and is not intended to represent an indication of a preferred or ideal realization. "As" is not used in a restrictive sense, but for explanatory purposes.
    [027] Components are revealed that can be used to carry out the revealed methods and systems. These and other components are revealed in this document, and it is understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc. of these components are revealed, although a specific reference to each of the various individual and collective combinations and permutations of these may not be explicitly revealed, each is specifically contemplated and described in this document, for all methods and systems. This applies to all aspects of this application, including, but not limited to, the steps in the disclosed methods. Thus, if there are a variety of additional steps that can be performed, it is understood that each of these additional steps can be performed with any specific realization or combination of realizations of the revealed methods.
    [028] The present methods and systems can be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and the Examples included therein and to the Figures and their previous and next description.
    [029] Generally revealed in this document are systems and methods of responding to a high voltage grid event in an electrical system connected with one or more DFIGs.
    [030] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an exemplary wind turbine generator 100. Wind turbine 100 includes a nacelle 102 that houses a generator (not shown in Figure 1). Nacelle 102 is mounted on a tower 104 (a portion of tower 104 is shown in Figure 1). The tower 104 can have any height that facilitates the operation of the wind turbine 100 as described in the present document. The wind turbine 100 further includes a rotor 106 that includes three rotor blades 108 attached to a rotating hub 110. Alternatively, the wind turbine 100 includes any number of blades 108 that facilitate the operation of the wind turbine 100 as described in this document. . In the exemplary embodiment, the wind turbine 100 includes a gearbox (not shown in Figure 1) rotatably coupled to the rotor 106 and a generator (not shown in Figure 1).
    [031] Figure 2 is a schematic view of an exemplary electrical and control system 200 that can be used with the wind turbine generator 100 (shown in Figure 1). Rotor 106 includes a plurality of rotor blades 108 coupled to rotating hub 110. Rotor 106 further includes a low speed shaft 112 rotatably coupled to hub 110. The low speed shaft is coupled to a gearbox lifting gear 114. Gear box 114 is configured to raise the rotational speed of the low speed shaft 112 and transfer that speed to a high speed shaft 116. In the exemplary embodiment, gear box 114 may have an elevation ratio of approximately 70: 1. For example, the low speed shaft 112 which rotates at approximately 20 revolutions per minute (20) coupled to gearbox 114 with an elevation ratio of approximately 70: 1 generates a high speed shaft speed 116 of approximately 1,400 rpm. Alternatively, gearbox 114 has any elevation ratio that facilitates the operation of wind turbine 100 as described herein. In addition, alternatively, the wind turbine 100 includes a direct drive generator in which a generator rotor (not shown in Figure 1) is pivotally coupled to the rotor 106 without any intervention gearbox.
    [032] The high speed shaft 116 is pivotally coupled to the generator 118. In the realization, the generator 118 is a three-phase, 60 Hz, synchronous, double-induced induction generator (DFIG) with a rotor that includes a stator of generator 120 magnetically coupled to a generator rotor 122. Alternatively, generator 118 is any generator of any number of phases that facilitates the operation of wind turbine 100 as described herein.
    [033] The control and electrical system 200 includes a controller 202. Controller 202 includes at least one processor and memory, at least one processor input channel, at least one processor output channel, and can include at least a computer (none shown in Figure 2). As used in this document, the term computer is not limited to only those integrated circuits called in the computer technique, but refers broadly to a processor, a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable logic controller (PLC), an integrated circuit application-specific and other programmable circuits (none shown in Figure 2), and these terms are used interchangeably in this document. In the realization, the memory may include, but is not limited to, a computer-readable medium, such as random access memory (RAM) (none shown in Figure 2). Alternatively, a floppy disk, a read-only compact disc (CC-ROM), a magnetic optical disc (MOD) and / or a digital versatile disc (DVD) (none shown in Figure 2) can also be used. In addition, in the realization, additional input channels (not shown in Figure 2) can be, but are not limited to, computer peripherals associated with an operator interface such as a mouse and keyboard (none shown in Figure 2). Alternatively, other computer peripherals can also be used, which may include, for example, but are not limited to, a digitizer (not shown in Figure 2). In addition, in the realization, additional output channels may include, but are not limited to, an operator interface monitor (not shown in Figure 2).
    [034] Processors for controller 202 process information transmitted from a plurality of electrical and electronic devices that may include, but are not limited to, power and speed transducers, current transformers and / or current transducers, breaker position indicators , potential transformers and / or voltage transducers, and the like. A RAM and a storage device store and transfer information and instructions to be executed by the processor. A RAM and storage devices can also be used to store and provide static (ie, non-variable) information and instructions, temporary variables, or other intermediate information to processors while executing instructions by processors. The instructions that are executed include, but are not limited to, comparator algorithms and / or resident conversion. The execution of instruction sequences is not limited to any specific combination of software instructions and hardware circuitry.
    [035] The control and electrical system 200 also includes the generator rotor tachometer 204 which is coupled in electronic data communication with the generator 118 and the controller 202. The generator stator 120 is electrically coupled to a pressure switch. synchronization of stator 206 through a stator bus 208. In order to facilitate the configuration of the DFIG, the generator rotor 122 is electrically coupled to a bidirectional power conversion set 210 through a rotor bus 212. Alternatively, the system 200 is configured as a complete power conversion system (not shown) known in the art, in which a complete power conversion set (not shown) that is similar in design and operation to set 210 is electrically coupled to stator 120 and such a complete power conversion set facilitates the channeling of electrical power between stator 120 and an electrical power distribution and transmission network (do not show ada). Stator bus 208 transmits three-phase power from stator 120 and rotor bus 212 transmits three-phase power from rotor 122 to assembly 210. Stator synchronization switch 206 is electrically coupled to a main transformer circuit breaker 214 via a bus system 216.
    [036] The set 210 includes a rotor filter 218 that is electrically coupled to a rotor 122 via a rotor bus 212. Rotor filter 218 is electrically coupled to a bidirectional power converter on the rotor side 220 via a rotor filter bus 219. Converter 220 is electrically coupled to a line side bidirectional power converter 222. Converters 220 and 222 are substantially identical. The power converter 222 is electrically coupled to a line filter 224 and a line contactor 226 through a line side power converter bus 223 and a line bus 225. In realization, converters 220 and 222 are configured in a three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) configuration that includes bipolar isolated port transistor (IGBT) switching devices (not shown in Figure 2) that "ignite" as is known in the prior art. Alternatively, converters 220 and 222 have any configuration that uses any switching devices that facilitate the operation of system 200 as described in this document. Assembly 210 is engaged in electronic data communication with controller 202 to control the operation of converters 220 and 222.
    [037] Line contactor 226 is electrically coupled to a conversion circuit breaker 228 via a bus of conversion circuit breaker 230. Circuit breaker 228 is also electrically coupled to a system breaker 214 through system bus 216 and the connection bus 232. System breaker 214 is electrically coupled to a main power transformer 234 via a generator side bus 236. Main transformer 234 is electrically coupled to a network breaker 238 via a side bus circuit breaker 240. The circuit breaker 238 is connected to a distribution and transmission network of electrical power through a network bus 242.
    [038] In the realization, converters 220 and 222 are coupled in electrical communication with each other through a single link of direct current (DC) 244. Alternatively, converters 220 and 222 are electrically coupled through individual DC links and separate (not shown in Figure 2). The DC link 244 includes a positive rail 246, a negative rail 248, and at least one capacitor 250 coupled therebetween. Alternatively, capacitor 250 is one or more capacitors configured in series or in parallel between tracks 246 and 248.
    [039] System 200 may additionally include a phased closed loop regulator (PLL) 400 which is configured to receive a plurality of voltage measurement signals from a plurality of voltage transducers 252. In the realization, each of the three transducers of voltage voltage 252 is electrically coupled to each of the three phases of bus 242. Alternatively, voltage transducers 252 are electrically coupled to system bus 216. In addition, alternatively, voltage transducers 252 are electrically coupled to any portion of system 200 which facilitates the operation of system 200 as described in this document. The PLL 400 regulator is coupled in electronic data communication with the controller 202 and voltage transducers 252 through a plurality of electrical conduits 254, 256, and 258. Alternatively, the PLL 400 regulator is configured to receive any number of signals voltage measurement of any number of voltage transducers 252, including, but not limited to, a voltage measurement signal from a voltage transducer 252. Controller 202 can also receive any number of current feedback from current transformers. current or current transducers that are electrically coupled to any portion of the system 200 that facilitates the operation of the system 200 as described in this document such as, for example, a stator current feedback from the stator bus 208, a current feedback generator side bus network 236, and the like.
    [040] During operation, the wind impacts the blades 108 and the blades 108 transform mechanical wind energy into a mechanical rotating torque that rotates the low speed axis 112 through the hub 110. The low speed axis 112 drives the gearbox 114 which subsequently raises the low rotary speed of the shaft 112 to drive the high speed shaft 116 at an increased rotational speed. The high speed shaft 116 rotates rotor 122. A rotating magnetic field is induced inside rotor 122 and a voltage is induced inside stator 120 which is magnetically coupled to rotor 122. Generator 118 converts rotating mechanical energy to a sinusoidal three-phase alternating current (AC) electrical energy signal at stator 120. The associated electrical power is transmitted to main transformer 234 through bus 208, switch 206, bus 216, circuit breaker 214 and bus 236. The transformer main 234 increases the voltage amplitude of the electrical power and the transformed electrical power is transmitted additionally to a network via bus 240, circuit breaker 238 and bus 242.
    [041] In the dual powered induction generator configuration, a second electrical power transmission path is provided. A three-phase and electrical sinusoidal AC power is generated inside the wound rotor 122 and is transmitted to the set 210 through the bus 212. Within set 210, the electric power is transmitted to the rotor filter 218 where the electrical power is modified to rate of change of PWM signals associated with converter 220. Converter 220 acts as a rectifier and rectifies the sinusoidal three-phase AC power to DC power. The DC power is transmitted into the DC link 244. Capacitor 250 facilitates the mitigation of variations in voltage amplitude of the DC link 244, facilitating the mitigation of a DC ripple associated with AC rectification.
    [042] DC power is subsequently transmitted from DC link 244 to power converter 222 where converter 222 acts as an inverter configured to convert DC electrical power from DC link 244 to 3-phase sinusoidal AC electrical power. with predetermined voltages, currents, and frequencies. This conversion is monitored and controlled through controller 202. The converted AC power is transmitted from converter 222 to bus 216 through buses 227 and 225, line contactor 226, bus 230, circuit breaker 228 and bus 232. Line filter 224 compensates for or adjusts harmonic currents in the transmitted electrical power of converter 222. The stator synchronization switch 206 is configured to close so that the connection of the three-phase power of the stator 120 to the three-phase power of the set 210 is facilitated.
    [043] Circuit breakers 228, 214, and 238 are configured to disconnect corresponding busbars, for example, when current flow is excessive and can damage system components 200. Additional protective components are also provided, including line contactor 226, which can be controlled to form a disconnect by opening a switch (not shown in Figure 2) that corresponds to each of the lines of the line bus 230.
    [044] The set 210 compensates or adjusts the frequency of the three-phase power of the rotor 122 to changes, for example, in the speed of the wind in hub 110 and blades 108. Therefore, in this way, frequencies of electric and mechanical rotors are decoupled and the Frequency compatibility of electric rotor and stator is substantially facilitated regardless of the speed of the mechanical rotor.
    [045] Under some conditions, the bidirectional characteristics of the set 210 and, specifically, the bidirectional characteristics of converters 220 and 222, facilitate the feedback of at least part of the electrical power generated into the generator rotor 122. More specifically, the electrical power is transmitted from bus 216 to bus 232 and subsequently via circuit breaker 228 and bus 230 to the interior of assembly 210. Within assembly 210, electrical power is transmitted through line contactor 226 and buses 225 and 227 into the 222 power converter. The 222 converter acts as a rectifier and rectifies the sinusoidal three-phase AC power to a DC power. The DC power is transmitted into the DC link 244. Capacitor 250 facilitates the mitigation of the voltage amplitude variations of the DC link 244 by facilitating the mitigation of a DC ripple sometimes associated with an AC rectification. three-phase.
    [046] The DC power is subsequently transmitted from the DC link 244 to the power converter 220 where the converter 220 acts as an inverter configured to convert the DC electrical power transmitted from the DC link 244 to an AC electrical power. three-phase sine wave with predetermined voltages, currents and frequencies. This conversion is monitored and controlled via controller 202. The converted AC power is transmitted from converter 220 to rotor filter 218 via bus 219 and is subsequently transmitted to rotor 122 via bus 212. In this way, power control generator is made easier.
    [047] Set 210 is configured to receive control signals from controller 202. Control signals are based on operating characteristics and conditions captured from wind turbine 100 and system 200 as described in this document and used to control the operation of the power conversion assembly 210. For example, feedback from tachometer 204 in the form of captured speed from generator rotor 122 can be used to control the conversion of the output power from rotor bus 212 to maintain an appropriate three-phase power condition and balanced. Another feedback from other sensors can also be used by system 200 to control assembly 210, including, for example, stator and rotor bus current and voltage feedback. Using this feedback information and, for example, switch control signals, stator synchronization switch control signals and system circuit breaker control (path) signals can be generated in any known way.
    [048] The set of power converters 210 and the generator 118 may be susceptible to fluctuations in the grid voltage and other forms of grid failures. Generator 118 can store magnetic energy that can be converted to high currents when a generator terminal voltage decreases rapidly. Those currents can mitigate the life expectancy of components of assembly 210 which may include, but are not limited to, semiconductor devices such as IGBTs within converters 220 and 222. Similarly, during an isolation event, generator 118 is disconnected from the Web. The components comprising the electrical system 200 such as busbars 208, 216, 232, 230, 236, 240 can store energy that is released during an insulation event. This can result in an overvoltage in the electrical system 200 that connects the generation unit 118 to the grid. An overvoltage can be a short-term or longer increase in the measured voltage of the electrical system over its nominal rating. For example, the overvoltage can be 1%, 5% 10%, 50%, 150% or greater, and any values in between, of the voltage measured over the nominal voltage. Another challenge presented for electrical system 200 during an isolation event is that converter 210 and generator 118 can experience an extremely high impedance network and are unlikely to have almost any ability to export real power. If the turbine is operating at a significant power level, it needs to be consumed, and there is a tendency for power to find its way into the DC link 244 that couples the two converters 220, 222, as described below. This power flow can occur into the DC link 244 through the power semiconductors (not shown in Figure 2) on line 222 or rotor converter 220. For systems similar to the one shown in Figure 2, the use of a circuit Crowbar type, as known in the art, at the rotor converter terminal 220 can be used to protect power semiconductors in many events, but applying the crowbar action during an isolation event can increase the risk of damage.
    [049] As noted above, overvoltage on the AC side of line side converter 222 can cause power to be pumped into capacitors 250, thereby increasing the voltage on the DC link 244. The voltage higher on the DC link 244 can damage power semiconductors such as one or more electronic switches such as a port shutdown thyristor (GTO), a port switched thyristor (GCT), an isolated port bipolar transistor (IGBT) , a MOSFET, combinations thereof, and the like located within the line side converter 222 and / or rotor converter 220.
    [050] The condition of normal operation of a wind turbine in a wind farm is illustrated in Figure 3A. This figure shows power flows within converter 210 and the electrical system of wind farm 300 during supersynchronous operation typical of high wind conditions. The power of generator 118 is divided into two paths, one power flow (PEStator) 302 flows directly from stator 120 into the network connection 242, the other power flow (PRotor) 304 through rotor 122 which passes through the rotor converter 220 for dc link 244, for line converter 222, through a line reactor 312 (not required) and then to network connection point 242. The sum (Prede) 306 of these two flows of power 302, 304 is the net output of generator 118. Note that the power division between generator rotor 122 and stator 120 is a function of the speed of the rotor relative to the synchronous. Similarly, the power of other wind turbines 314 in the wind farm flows from the local network to the network connection point 242. In supersynchronous operation, the speed of the rotor is higher than synchronous and the power is divided as shown. in subsynchronous operations, the rotor speed is less than synchronous and the rotor winding 122 draws power from the rotor converter 220, i.e., the power flow through the converters 222, 220.
    [051] Figure 3B illustrates the conditions when a remote circuit breaker is opened leaving the wind farm in an isolated condition and the power flow to the 242 grid is suddenly interrupted for a case where the speed and torque of the rotor remain equal to a pre-isolation condition. The power (PLinha) 308 in the line converter 222 is suddenly forced to be reversed, since the power that was flowing from the stator 120 to the network 242 now has only the line converter 222 as a path. This causes the voltage on the 244 dc link to increase very quickly. When an isolated condition occurs, it is desirable to disconnect wind turbine 118 from grid 242 in a manner that does not cause damage to components of electrical system 300. However, damage to components can occur in a few milliseconds, which is typically faster than breakers can operate. Control action is needed quickly to prevent harmful voltage levels. In addition, as described above, opening the remote circuit breaker may leave some portion of the local network connected to generator 118, for example, cables that make up the wind farm collector system, etc. This capacitance 310 can be a source of ac voltage amplification in the remaining network.
    [052] Referring now to Figure 4, as noted above, some achievements of the systems for responding to a high voltage grid event in an electrical system connected to one or more DFIGs may include a control system or controller 202. In In general, controller 202 may comprise a computer or other suitable processing unit. Thus, in various embodiments, controller 202 may include appropriate computer-readable instructions that, when deployed, configure controller 202 to perform a number of different functions, such as receiving, transmitting and / or executing control signals. As such, controller 202 can generally be configured to control the various modes of operation (for example, conductive or non-conductive states) of one or more switches and / or realization components of the electrical system 200. For example, controller 200 can be configured to implement response methods to a high voltage grid event in an electrical system connected to one or more DFIGs.
    [053] Figure 4 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of suitable components that can be included in an embodiment of a controller 202, or any other computing device that receives signals that indicate network conditions in accordance with aspects of this matter. In many respects, such signals can be received from one or more sensors or transducers 58, 60, or can be received from other computing devices (not shown) such as a data acquisition and supervisory control system (SCADA), a turbine protection system, a PLL 400 regulator (Figure 2) and the like. The signals received may include, for example, voltage signals such as an AC mains voltage and a DC bus voltage 244 together with corresponding phase angles for each phase of the AC mains, current signals, flow signals. power (direction), power output of converter system 210, total power flow into (or out of) the grid, and the like. In some cases, the received signals can be used through controller 202 to calculate other variables such as changes in voltage phase angles over time, and the like. As shown, controller 202 may include one or more processor (s) 62 and associated memory device (s) 64 configured to perform a variety of computer-implemented functions (for example, that perform methods, steps, calculations and the like disclosed in this document). As used herein, the term "processor" refers not only to integrated circuits referred to in the art as being included in a computer, but also refers to a controller, a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable logic controller ( PLC), an application-specific integrated circuit and other programmable circuits. In addition, memory device (s) 64 may generally comprise memory element (s) which include, but are not limited to, a computer-readable medium (for example, random access memory (RAM) )), computer readable non-volatile media (for example, a flash memory), a floppy disk, a compact disc read-only memory (CC-ROM), a magnetic optical disc (MOD), a digital versatile disc (DVD) and / or other suitable memory elements. Such memory device (s) 64 can generally be configured to store suitable computer readable instructions which, when deployed by processor (s) 62, configure controller 202 to perform various functions that include, but are not limited to, directly or indirectly transmitting suitable control signals to one or more switches that comprise the bidirectional power conversion set 210, monitors the operating conditions of the electrical system 200, and various other functions implemented by suitable computer.
    [054] In addition, controller 202 may further include a communications module 66 to facilitate communications between controller 202 and the various components of electrical system 200 and / or one or more sources of electrical generation 118. For example , the communications module 66 can serve as an interface to allow controller 202 to transmit control signals to the bidirectional power conversion assembly 210 and / or other components of the wind turbine and the electrical system. In addition, the communications module 66 can include a sensor interface 68 (for example, one or more analog to digital converters) to allow signals transmitted from the sensors (for example, 58, 60) to be converted into signals that can be understood and processed by processors 62. Alternatively, controller 202 may be provided with appropriate computer-readable instructions that, when deployed through its processor (s) 62, configure controller 202 to perform various actions depending on the mode of control of the wind turbine. For example, in normal operation (ie, rotor control), the rotor converter has dominant control over the flow of real and reactive power from the generator. The line converter acts primarily to regulate the dc link voltage by adjusting the actual power exchange for the network connection point. The line converter can draw an active current from the grid in case of high ac voltage.
    [055] Figure 5A is a control diagram of the main elements of the rotor control that shows the functions that create commands for the rotor current. Controller 202 as shown in Figure 4 can be used to implement the rotor control steps. The steps include the following: (1) Referring to Figure 5B, a control diagram for determining the frequency and magnitude of the positive sequence voltage phasor of the line voltage detects the line voltage in at least two stages (for example, example, Vg_ab_Fbk 502 and Vg_bc_Fbk 504) and derives through a phased closed loop (PLL) and vector calculations 506 the frequency (Freq_grid_fbk 508) and the magnitude (Vmag_grid_fbk 510) of the positive sequence voltage phasor. This PLL also establishes the reference framework for vector quantities that are in phase with an ac voltage (geometric axis "x") and orthogonal to the ac voltage (geometric axis "y") - it should be noted that other vector references such as direct and square ("d" and "q") can be used without limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present invention; (2) referring back to Figure 5A, calculate the stator current (S_Ix_Cmd 512) of torque production (eg, x-axis) necessary to create the torque that is commanded from a high level control function in the wind turbine (Trq_Cmd 514); (3) calculate the flow producing stator current (S_Iy_Cmd 516) (eg, y-axis) needed to create the reactive current that is commanded by a higher level control function in the wind turbine (Vmag_rede_cmd 518) and the magnitude (Vmag_rede_fbk 510) of the positive sequence voltage phasor; and (4) calculating, using a generator electrical circuit model 520, the rotor current commands (R_Ix_Cmd 522, R_Iy_Cmd 524) required to create stator currents (S_Ix_Cmd 512, S_Iy_Cmd 516). As shown in Figure 5A, calculations can be performed via modules (for example, Torque Current Calculation 526, AC Voltage Regulator 528) within controller 202 or other suitable computing devices, or as independent components. Figure 5C is a control diagram showing the functions that implement the commands for the rotor current. This is a two-step forecast broker structure: (1) calculate, using a generator electrical circuit model, the "forward feed" commands for rotor voltage (R_Vx_ffwd, R_Vy_ffwd; note that in Figure 5C, for the sake of clarity, lines with hashes "//" imply two-dimensional variables (ie, x, y both implicit), so R_Vx_ffwd and R_Vy_ffwd are shown only as the signal R_Vffwd 530 in Figure 5C) that would produce the currents of desired rotor (R_Ix_Cmd 522, R_Iy_Cmd 524, shown as R_I_cmd 538 in Figure 5C) taking into account a perfect electrical model, perfect feedback signals (for example, rotor speed feedback (R_Spd_fbk 534), a rotor current feedback (xey ) (R_I_fbk 536) and a perfect implantation of tension commands 540, 542; and (2) correct, with the use of a closed loop regulator 532, the imperfections of the forecasting step. This closed loop portion is designed to work when the generator is connected to the grid. An additional action of rotor control is to command a zero voltage on the rotor ("crowbar") if the dc link voltage exceeds a defined point. This action is sometimes necessary in response to several grid failures near the wind turbine (see, for example, US Patent 7,321,221 issued on January 2, 2008; and US Patent 6,921,985 issued on 26 July 2005, both of which are fully incorporated by reference in this document and form a part of it). As shown in Figure 5C, calculations can be performed via modules (for example, Rotor 544 Forward Power Calculation, Closed Loop Current Regulator 532) within controller 202 or other suitable computing devices, or as independent components .
    [056] In a normal control, as described above, when a sudden high voltage grid event occurs, the following happens: (1) the high level commands for voltage and torque do not change substantially, as they are the result of slower action control; (2) line converter 222 reacts to a high dc voltage by increasing the command for real current is injected into the network; (3) line converter 222 reacts to a high ac voltage by drawing a reactive current from the grid; (4) the voltage regulator of ac 528 reacts to a reactive current increased by command extracted from the grid through generator stator 120; (5) the torque calculator 526 reduces the amount of actual current commanded by the inverse proportion to the increase in mains voltage, which results in the same torque and real power as generator 118; (6) the rotor current regulator 542 determines an expected rotor voltage to achieve the desired current, and a closed loop response to correct when the measured current does not follow a commanded current; (7) if the dc link voltage exceeds a crowbar action threshold, then rotor converter 220 will bypass the regulators and short rotor 122; and (8) if a protective path is commanded, both the line switching and the rotor converter 222, 220 are blocked simultaneously with the issuing of a command to open a wind turbine circuit breaker 214.
    [057] With the exception of the crowbar action (step 7, above), the steps above are all in the right direction when there is still some connection through one or more DFIGs 118 to the network. Activating the crowbar action in this condition can aggravate voltage and current stresses in the electrical components of the 210 wind turbine converter. If the grid is completely disconnected from one or more DFIGs 118, as a result of the fault adjustment or other action, then the closed loop portion 532 of rotor current regulator 542 may behave incorrectly. This is because the response of the rotor current to the rotor voltage commands will be drastically different, and probably of the opposite sign, to the response when connected to the grid. An additional accomplishment refers to the crowbar action when the network is disconnected. This can create a situation where any capacitance 310 in the remaining portion of the ac network will resonate with the inductance of the generator 118, leading to a voltage amplification that can quickly lead to damaging levels of component stress. Another realization concerns the response of line converter 222. This converter 222 can lose control of its current if the increase in the ac voltage exceeds the increase in the dc voltage by more than a certain amount. Since one objective is to keep the dc link voltage within its capacity, there is an ac voltage increase limit beyond which line converter 222 can continue to remove power from dc link 244. A final realization concerns response to the protective path action. Blocking line 222 and rotor converter 220 while still connected to the grid will not remove power from the system, but instead will allow the power in the grid, or the capacitance 310 of the remaining transmission system and collector, to flow in an uncontrolled manner to the interior of the wind converter 210 with possible voltage increases beyond the capacity of the equipment.
    [058] Therefore, a control response other than normal operation is required for high voltage grid events. The objectives of changing the control response are to reduce the power injected into the dc link 244 of generator rotor 122 to approximately zero as a way to prevent an excessive increase in the dc voltage. This action also allows the line 222 and the rotor converters 220 to use their full capacity to keep the ac voltage low in the generator stator 120. Another objective of changing the control response is to decrease the effective internal voltage of the generator 118 as seen from stator 120 as a way of reducing the voltage on stator 120. Another objective, further, is to decrease the voltage of line converter 222 to assist generator 118 to decrease the voltage of the stator. And a final goal is to ensure that converters 210 operate within the voltages and currents that are possible given the conditions of the circuit, to prevent protective actions (for example, crowbar action or overcurrent blocking) from interfering with the achievement of control objectives. desired.
    [059] Achievement of these objectives can be achieved in several ways, an achievement of an approach is described below to respond to high voltage grid events that are based on the normal control structure. Figure 6A is a flow chart illustrating an implementation of a method of controlling a double powered induction generator (DFIG) during a high voltage grid event. The realizations of the method steps described in Figure 6 can be performed through one or more computing devices such as a controller 202. In step 602, a high grid voltage condition is detected. An overvoltage can be a short-term or longer-lasting increase in the measured voltage of the electrical system over its rated rating. For example, the overvoltage can be 1%, 5% 10%, 50%, 150% or greater, and any values in between, of the measured voltage over the rated voltage. In one embodiment, a threshold can be set for the overvoltage above which a high voltage grid event is signaled. In step 604, an output from a closed loop portion of the rotor current regulator is defined as a fixed value. In one embodiment, the fixed value is zero or approximately zero. Thus, the predictive forward supply path as described above depends on a convenient means of defining the generator's internal voltage according to control objectives, as described above. In step 606, a high dc voltage condition, or a condition that will soon lead to a high dc voltage condition such as, for example, a high ac voltage, is detected and the torque producing current command is rotor is reduced to approximately zero. In one embodiment, this can be done by ignoring the rotor current command after normal logic flow, or by using the existing control structure and reducing the command torque. A combination can be used to achieve a quick response followed by a smooth transition.
    [060] After the control response described above for a high voltage grid event, if the grid returns to a condition where there is still a viable electrical connection between the wind turbine and the grid, then the control returns to normal mode. The following steps are performed: (1) detect the resumption of the grid connection, with a grid voltage within the capacity of the wind turbine. This involves at least one measure of grid voltage at the wind turbine. This may also involve measurements of the current flowing out of the wind turbine; (2) precondition upstream regulators as appropriate to provide an impact-free transition to normal control; and (3) switch (back) to normal control mode.
    [061] If, after the control response described above to a high voltage grid event, it is determined that the grid is disconnected from the wind turbine, the following steps are taken: (1) detecting that the grid connections have all been lost , leaving the wind farm in an isolated condition. There are several ways to do this which include, for example, standard wind turbine protection and monitoring functions, which include a grid frequency deviation, a grid voltage deviation, a measured torque that does not follow a torque commanded by a predetermined time, excessive turbine speed, tower vibration, etc. Another way to detect that network connections have been lost includes special monitoring functions enacted by the high voltage condition, for example, to increase the sensitivity of existing functions such as frequency and voltage deviations. And yet another way to detect loss of network connections includes receiving a signal from an external device that knows the status of network connections. Once a loss of network connections is determined, then (2) a command is issued to open the wind turbine circuit breaker; (3) the status of the wind turbine circuit breaker is determined after the open command is issued; and (4) after it is determined that the wind turbine circuit breaker has been opened, the switching of the converters is interrupted as part of an orderly shutdown process.
    [062] In one embodiment, if a protective path is required, the converters are switched following the above strategy until the wind turbine circuit breaker adjusts the connection for the remaining portion of the network. The operating mode described above remains in effect until the grid conditions are determined to be in a connected mode where supportability is possible, or a decision is made to stop the wind turbine.
    [063] Figure 6B is a flow chart that illustrates another realization of a method of controlling a double powered induction generator (DFIG) during a high voltage grid event. The steps of the method described in Figure 6 can be performed using one or more computing devices such as a controller 202. In step 608, a high voltage condition is detected. An overvoltage can be a short-term or longer-lasting increase in the measured voltage of the electrical system over its rated rating. For example, the overvoltage can be 1%, 5% 10%, 50%, 150% or greater, and any values in between, of the measured voltage over the rated voltage. In one embodiment, a threshold can be set for the overvoltage, above which a high voltage grid event is signaled. In step 610, an output from a closed loop portion of the rotor current regulator is set to a fixed value. In one embodiment, the fixed value is zero or approximately zero. In this way, the predictive forward supply path as described above depends on a convenient means of defining the generator's internal voltage according to the control objectives, as described above. In step 612, a high dc voltage condition, or a condition that will soon lead to a high dc voltage condition such as, for example, a high ac voltage, is detected and the torque producing current command is rotor is reduced to approximately zero. In one embodiment, this can be done by ignoring the rotor current command after normal logic flow, or by using the existing control structure and reducing the command torque. A combination can be used to achieve a quick response followed by a smooth transition. In step 614, the magnitude of the internal voltage in the generator is decreased. This can generally be achieved by reducing the air gap in the generator. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by moving the rotor flow production command (for example, the y-axis) to the region not excited enough. The use of the existing forward supply path is a means of defining this current command in a way that can avoid an overcurrent block. The logic in the calculation of final rotor switching can limit the voltage requirement to keep the rotor converter within its linear control range. In step 616, the magnitude of the converter voltage in the line converter is decreased. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by moving the line converter flow producing current command, while limiting the command so that an overcurrent block does not occur. In step 618, a crowbar action can be initiated for electrical conditions for which the electrical system can continue without damage. In one embodiment, a crowbar action is blocked. In other embodiments, the crowbar action may be available but desensitized since a crowbar action can still be prudent if stress levels become too high, as a means of reducing the extent of possible damage to electrical components. In step 620, it is determined whether the high voltage grid event is an event that DFIG can go through. This will usually involve a high voltage condition where the DFIG remains connected to the grid. If the condition is determined to be a high voltage withstand (HVRT) event, then the process proceeds to step 622 where DFIG, converters and the electrical system are controlled as described above or in accordance with the Patent Application US 20120133343 A1 (order no. 13/323309) filed on December 12, 2011, which is fully incorporated by reference and constitutes a part of this. After the control response described above to a high voltage grid event, if the grid returns to a condition where there is still a viable electrical connection between the wind turbine and the grid, then the process proceeds to step 624 and the control returns to normal mode. The following steps can be performed in the transition back to normal mode: (1) detecting the resumption of the grid connection, with a grid voltage within the capacity of the wind turbine. This involves at least one measure of grid voltage at the wind turbine. This may also involve measurements of the current flowing out of the wind turbine; (2) precondition upstream regulators as appropriate to provide an impact-free transition to normal control; and (3) switch (back) to normal control mode. The process then returns to step 608 to monitor a high grid voltage. Returning to step 620, as noted above, determining whether the event is a supportability event or not usually involved determining whether DFIG remains connected to the network or not. If, after the control response described above to a high voltage grid event, it is determined that the grid is disconnected from the wind turbine, the following steps are taken: (1) detecting that all grid connections have been lost, leaving the wind power plant in an isolated condition. There are several ways to do this which include, for example, standard wind turbine protection and monitoring functions, which include a grid frequency deviation, a grid voltage deviation, a measured torque that does not follow a torque commanded by a predetermined time, excessive turbine speed, tower vibration, etc. Another way to detect that network connections have been lost includes special monitoring functions decreed by the high voltage condition, for example, by increasing the sensitivity of existing functions such as frequency and voltage deviations. And yet another way to detect the loss of network connections includes receiving a signal from an external device that knows the status of the network connections. If it is determined in step 620 that the network connection has been lost, then the process proceeds to step 626. In step 626, once the loss of network connections is determined, then a command is issued to open the turbine circuit breaker wind power; the status of the wind turbine circuit breaker is determined after the opening command is issued; and after determining that the wind turbine circuit breaker has been opened, the switching of the converters is interrupted as part of an orderly shutdown process. In one embodiment, as shown in step 628, concurrently with the command to open the wind breaker or during the time the breaker is opening, the torque producing current command (for example, geometric axis x) can be changed to a monitoring direction to further remove power from the electrical system which includes the DFIG, a dc link (including any capacitors), a line side converter, a rotor side converter, any remaining network and the like.
    [064] In one embodiment, if a protective path is required, the converters are switched following the above strategy until the wind turbine circuit breaker adjusts the connection for the remaining portion of the network. The operating mode described above remains in effect until the grid conditions are determined to be in a connected mode in which supportability is possible, or a decision is made to stop the wind turbine.
    [065] In another embodiment, if a protective action is required in any mode of wind turbine operation, then the process as described in the example flowchart in Figure 7 is performed to control the electrical components of a wind turbine when opening a system circuit breaker associated with a DFIG by detecting a condition that requires shutdown. The process steps shown in Figure 7 can be performed using a computing device such as a 202 controller. In step 700, an abnormal operating condition is detected in the electrical system that requires shutting down the DFIG and / or converters. In step 702, a command is issued to open the wind turbine circuit breaker 214. This command can be issued in any operating condition of the wind turbine, converters and the like. In step 704, for both the line and rotor converters 222, 220, switching is continued during and after issuing the command to open wind turbine circuit breaker 214. A switching refers to causing electronic switches such as as IGBTs and the like are triggered or proceed to a driving state at least while receiving the switching signal. In step 706, the status of the wind turbine circuit breaker is determined after the opening command is issued. In step 708, if it is determined that the wind turbine circuit breaker has been opened, the switching of the converters is interrupted as part of an orderly shutdown process. If, in step 706, it is determined that the wind turbine circuit breaker has not been opened, the process returns to step 704 and the switching continues until the circuit breaker is opened or the travel command is canceled. A benefit of continuing to switch the converters after the travel signal is emitted is to allow the converters and the generator to reduce the ac voltage which can be detrimental to the turbine and converter components.
    [066] As described above and as will be seen by one skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present invention can be configured as a system, a method or a computer program product. Consequently, the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in various ways that include entirely hardware, entirely software or any combination of software and hardware. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product on a computer-readable storage media that has computer-readable program instructions (e.g., computer software) incorporated into the storage media. Any suitable non-transitory computer-readable storage media can be used including hard drives, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices or magnetic storage devices.
    [067] The realizations of the present invention have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and block diagrams of methods, apparatus (i.e., systems) and computer program products. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and block diagrams, respectively, can be deployed through various means that include computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such as the processor (s) 62 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 , to produce a machine, so that the instructions that are executed on the computer or other programmable data processing device create a means for implementing the functions specified in the blocks or block of the flowchart.
    [068] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device (for example, processor (s) 62 in Figure 3) to function properly. in a particular way, so that instructions stored in computer-readable memory produce a manufacturing article that includes computer-readable instructions for implementing the function specified in the flowchart blocks or block. Computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process so that the instructions that run on the computer or other programmable device provide the steps for implementing the functions specified in the blocks or block of the flowchart.
    [069] Consequently, flowchart and block illustrations of block diagrams and support combinations of means for carrying out the specified functions, combinations of steps for carrying out the specified functions and program instruction means for carrying out the specified functions. It will also be understood that each block of block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and flowchart illustrations, can be deployed through special purpose hardware-based computer systems that perform the steps or functions specified, or combinations of special-purpose computer and hardware instructions.
    [070] Except when expressly mentioned otherwise, it is in no way intended that any method presented in this document be interpreted as requiring that its steps be carried out in a specific order. Consequently, where a method claim does not actually recite an order to be followed by its steps or is not specifically mentioned otherwise in the claims or descriptions that the steps must be limited to a specific order, it is in no way intended that an order is inferred, of any kind. This applies to any possible non-explicit basis for interpretation, including: questions of logic in relation to the arrangement of steps or operational flow; direct meaning derived from punctuation or grammatical organization; the number or type of achievements described in the specification.
    [071] Throughout this request, several publications were referenced. The disclosures of these publications in their entirety are hereby incorporated by reference in this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which the methods and systems belong.
    [072] Many modifications and other realizations of the inventions set forth in this document will come to the mind of a technical individual in the subject to which these realizations of the invention belong that have the benefit of the teachings presented in the aforementioned descriptions and in the associated drawings. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments of the invention should not be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, although the aforementioned descriptions and associated drawings describe realizations in the context of certain combinations of elements and / or functions, it should be noted that different combinations of elements and / or functions can be provided through alternative realizations without departing from the scope of the attached claims. In this sense, for example, combinations of elements and / or functions other than those described explicitly above are also contemplated as may be presented in some of the attached claims. Although specific terms are used in this document, they are used only in a descriptive and generic sense and not for the purpose of limitation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A DOUBLE POWERED INDUCTION GENERATOR (118) in response to a high voltage network event (602), the method comprising the steps of: - calculating, through a controller (202), a power command forward rotor tension (530); - use a closed loop regulator (532) to determine a closed loop rotor tension command (540); - set (604), through a controller (202), the closed loop rotor tension command (540) to a fixed value so that the forward rotor tension command (530) sets an internal tension for the double powered induction generator (118); and the method characterized by understanding the steps of: - detecting, through the controller (202), a condition of high DC voltage in a DC link (224) or a predictive condition of high DC voltage in the DC link (224 ), and in response to reducing a rotor torque producing current command to zero, where the DC link (224) connects a line side converter (222) connected to a system bus (216) and a converter rotor side (220) connected to a rotor (106) of the double powered induction generator (118).
    [0002]
    2. METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises, determining through the controller (202), that the high voltage network event is not a supportability event and issuing a path command, through the controller (202), to a system circuit breaker (238) for disconnecting the double powered induction generator (118), the line side converter (222) and the rotor side converter (220) from the mains (242).
    [0003]
    METHOD according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it additionally comprises changing the torque producing current command (514) to a monitoring direction in order to remove energy from at least the induction generator twice powered (118), DC link (224), rotor converter (220) and line converter (222).
    [0004]
    METHOD according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by defining (604), through the controller (202), an output of a closed loop portion of the rotor current regulator (542) with a fixed value so that a predictive forward supply path defines an internal voltage for the double fed induction generator (118) which comprises setting the output of the closed loop portion of the rotor current regulator (542) to zero.
    [0005]
    METHOD according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by detecting, through the controller (202), the condition of high DC voltage in the DC link (224) or the predictive condition of the condition of DC voltage high in the DC link (224), and in response reduce the rotor torque producing current command to zero comprises the controller (202) ignoring a rotor current command after a normal logic flow, using an existing control structure and reduce a rotor torque command, or a combination of both.
    [0006]
    METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: - decreasing, through the controller (202), a magnitude of the internal voltage in the double-fed induction generator (118); - decrease, through the controller (202), a magnitude of the converter voltage in the line converter (222); and - inhibiting, through the controller (202), the crowbar action of the rotor (106).
    [0007]
    METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized by decreasing, through the controller (202), the magnitude of the internal voltage in the generator (118) comprising moving a rotor flow production current command (516) to a region not excited enough.
    [0008]
    8. METHOD according to claim 7, characterized by the predictive forward supply path being used to define the rotor flow production current command (516) in a way that can prevent an overcurrent block.
    [0009]
    METHOD according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by decreasing, through the controller (202), the magnitude of the converter voltage in the line converter (222), comprising moving a flow control current command line converter and at the same time limit the command so that overcurrent blocking does not occur.
    [0010]
    10. SYSTEM (200) FOR CONTROLLING A DOUBLE POWERED INDUCTION GENERATOR (118) in response to a high voltage network event, the system (200) comprising: a controller (202), where the controller is configured to detect a high voltage network condition; a line-side converter (222) connected to a system bus (216); and a rotor side converter (220) connected to a double powered induction generator rotor (118), in which the line side converter (222) and the rotor side converter are connected via a direct link of DC current (224), in which the line side converter (222) and the rotor side converter (220) are communicatively coupled to the controller (202); the system (200) characterized by the controller (202) additionally comprising a rotor current regulator (542), in which, in response to the detected condition of high mains voltage, the controller (202) calculates a forward feed command rotor tension (530), determines a closed loop rotor tension command (540) and sets the closed loop rotor tension command to a fixed value such that the forward feed command predictive of rotor tension (530) define an internal voltage for the double-fed induction generator (118) in response to the detected high mains voltage condition, and the controller (202) is additionally configured to: detect a high DC voltage condition in the DC link (224), or a predictive condition of high DC voltage in the DC link (224), and in response to reduce a rotor torque producing current command (514) to zero.
    [0011]
    11. SYSTEM (200), according to claim 10, characterized in that the controller (202) is additionally configured to determine that the high voltage network event is not a supportability event and to issue a path command so that a circuit breaker system (214,218,238) disconnect the double powered induction generator (118), the line side converter (222) and the rotor side converter (220) from the mains (242).
    [0012]
    SYSTEM (200), according to any one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that it additionally comprises changing the torque producing current command (514) to a monitoring direction in order to remove energy from at least the generator of double-fed induction (118), the DC link (224), the rotor converter (220) and the line converter (222).
    [0013]
    SYSTEM (200) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the output of the closed loop portion of the rotor current regulator (542) is set to zero.
    [0014]
    14. SYSTEM (200) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the controller is configured to detect a condition of high DC voltage in the DC link (224), or a condition predictive of the condition of DC voltage high in the DC link (224), and in response reducing the rotor torque producing current command (514) to zero comprises ignoring a rotor current command (522) after a normal logic flow using a structure control system and reduce a rotor torque command, or a combination of both.
    [0015]
    SYSTEM (200) according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the controller (202) is additionally configured to: - decrease a magnitude of the internal voltage in the double-fed induction generator (118); - decrease a magnitude of the converter voltage in the line converter (222); and - inhibit a rotor crowbar action.
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    US9450415B2|2016-09-20|
    CN103683318B|2017-04-19|
    CA2824204C|2018-07-03|
    CN103683318A|2014-03-26|
    BR102013021844A2|2016-09-27|
    US20140062424A1|2014-03-06|
    EP2704309A3|2017-08-23|
    EP2704309A2|2014-03-05|
    CA2824204A1|2014-02-28|
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    法律状态:
    2016-09-27| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-23| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-24| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-15| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/08/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/600,730|US9450415B2|2012-08-31|2012-08-31|System and method for controlling a dual-fed induction generator in response to high-voltage grid events|
    US13/600,730|2012-08-31|
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